Thing is capability machines (like this and the 432 and lots of research machines) were very much the thing at the time - cutting edge even. The research literature was full of them. I did a paper design at the time.
What ate them up was "what can you fit all on a chip with not many pins", followed by "what can you fit along with a cache on a chip with more pins", things move so much faster if everything's on the same die.
Tagged architectures are old, Burroughs mainframes had them back in the 70s along with rudimentary hardware objects (pageable even)
Very interesting and well written article. This sentence in particular:
"Linn Products is the Glasgow company Ivor Tiefenbrun founded in 1972, and if you know it at all you know it for the Sondek LP12, still widely regarded by its partisans as the finest record deck ever made."
I was a big audiophile right at that time. Auditioned both Sondek and Sota Star Saphire. Went with the latter which I still proudly own (Alphason Tonearm). Note how carefully the author phrased "...by its partisans..." when describing the Sondek as the best. Nothing, not even programing code style zealots today can compare to audiophiles and their "take" on what made for the best playback. Pretty sure the author did not want to open that can of worms by simply declaring the Sondek the best.
Turntables back then were pretty damn detailed re: technology. Not surprised Linn could make a great computer (in the day).
It’s crazy what a small group of smart people can achieve if they’re not captive to conventional wisdom.
They got crushed by the commodity curve and Moore’s Law. But still a great story - and thankfully written by a real person.
The author’s idea that the commodity curve is over and that hardware is now cheap enough to make special purpose hardware viable is intriguing. Standardization used to be important because you needed to convince scarce programmers to invest in the platform, but AI has ended the scarcity of programmers so dedicated purpose hardware is more viable than ever.
There are several cycles that bring tech ideas in and out of fashion because of market conditions, intersecting tech cycles, other implications of Moore's Law, or whatever.
Another trend, for example, might be centralized vs distributed: terminals (thin clients) and mainframes gave way to fat client PCs on prem, and then back to thin clients with cloud stuff.
Website design comment: I love the orange/teal theme! Really drawn to the details such as illustrations carrying the orange/teal theme. Inspired me to re-color a project with this split complimentary color.
I wonder if you could throw a small microcontroller at the bottom of a canal, powered by water passing through a fan, to hide it. And why you would want to do that.
canals have negligible water flow (except during disasters!) so I don't think that'd work very well. They also get dredged occasionally so there's a decent chance anything you leave down there won't last more than a couple of years
Depends on the canal. The UK narrow boat network has locked everywhere so minimal current in most sections similarly the Netherlands. In fact most canals. But then you have something like Suez which is just open to the ocean.
And in case people think ultrasonic signaling isn’t a real thing, it very much is. In the oil and gas industry, it’s how measurements taken while drilling a hole are sent back to the surface through the drilling mud.
Downhole tools used in MWD/LWD do not use ultrasonic frequencies. Drilling is a very noisy environment. The first tool that I used employed a downhole pulser with a surface transducer and operated at about 0.5-1 Hz. That's not ultrasonic. It was a pretty low frequency signal. Data transmission rates limit the volume of information that can be transmitted from the downhole tool to the surface where they are decoded.
Your tool has to set up a pressure wave in the mud column that is detectable miles away from the tool while the well is being drilled.
This is a good recent paper authored by an experienced drilling engineer about MWD/LWD drilling history and pulser designs and data rates that can be expected.
I console myself that this is why I never got fabulously wealthy. That brilliance is no guarantee of wealth. You need luck, too.
But the truth is, you also need to do the work. I used my conclusion about luck as an excuse to not even try. Not even in some grand way. Just in the grinding everyday way. In the way of, "You know what I should do?! I should ... meh. That'll never work."
Take it from me, kids. If you want to do something great, do it while you are still young enough to believe it's possible.
I don't think this is AI, but the writing style keeps reminding me of AI. I'm trying to isolate why. I think it's something to do with the information density. The sentences twist and turn, have lots of related ideas, digressions, and little details without much lead-in. The wording is also very precise, which is another characteristic of AI writing. This sounds like a critique, but I actually find it charming.
This sentence is a strong illustration of what I'm talking about:
> Since only OBJEKT ever knew where anything physically lived, objects could be relocated freely without touching a reference, so garbage collection went into the silicon too: a two-space compacting collector that walked the live objects and slid them into the other half of DRAM while execution carried on above, oblivious.
I mean, come on. Run-ons are one thing, but this is practically a lecture in a single sentence. :P
I read about them in Byte Magazine - the names were memorable - Objek - Numerik and a third chip - there were no silicon afaik but jsut emulator circuit boards run by a Sun workstation.
>In my essay a distribution of one I argued that bespoke software was the original, correct arrangement, that fifty years of productised general-purpose software were a compromise forced by the economics of scarce programmers, and that AI has ended the compromise.
I would also say that productised general-purpose software was an undue bonanza taking unfair advantage of copyright, which shouldn't have allowed so many restrictions on code which is necessary to make devices perform their intended tasks.
Fortunately AI has been able to get started accomplishing some of the much-needed workarounds to these annoying copyright issues, like few humans have been able to do.
Regardless of whether programmers are scarce or abundant.
On a tangent, it sounds like a famous canal, but I would figure there are a number of little-known waterways where there might be a high-performance 21st century PC resting underwater along with some poor soul's bitcoin wallet :(
The "A Distribution of One" argument seems less convincing than the "The Computer at the Bottom of a Canal" one. I'm no expert, but if you've ever read some of the computing press from the time you'll know that custom software was still rather popular well into the '80s: and unfortunately custom software written for in-house use by a non-software company was the classic venue for all the Software Crisis war stories, which probably has a lot more to do with why it went out of fashion than progammer wages on their own. Whether the main problem was the difficulty of extracting requirements from users and management or the lack of sufficiently good software developers, maybe the arrival of LLM software cannons will be what it takes to fix it, but a hae ma doots.
Thing is capability machines (like this and the 432 and lots of research machines) were very much the thing at the time - cutting edge even. The research literature was full of them. I did a paper design at the time.
What ate them up was "what can you fit all on a chip with not many pins", followed by "what can you fit along with a cache on a chip with more pins", things move so much faster if everything's on the same die.
Tagged architectures are old, Burroughs mainframes had them back in the 70s along with rudimentary hardware objects (pageable even)
Very interesting and well written article. This sentence in particular:
"Linn Products is the Glasgow company Ivor Tiefenbrun founded in 1972, and if you know it at all you know it for the Sondek LP12, still widely regarded by its partisans as the finest record deck ever made."
I was a big audiophile right at that time. Auditioned both Sondek and Sota Star Saphire. Went with the latter which I still proudly own (Alphason Tonearm). Note how carefully the author phrased "...by its partisans..." when describing the Sondek as the best. Nothing, not even programing code style zealots today can compare to audiophiles and their "take" on what made for the best playback. Pretty sure the author did not want to open that can of worms by simply declaring the Sondek the best.
Turntables back then were pretty damn detailed re: technology. Not surprised Linn could make a great computer (in the day).
HTH, NSC
It’s crazy what a small group of smart people can achieve if they’re not captive to conventional wisdom.
They got crushed by the commodity curve and Moore’s Law. But still a great story - and thankfully written by a real person.
The author’s idea that the commodity curve is over and that hardware is now cheap enough to make special purpose hardware viable is intriguing. Standardization used to be important because you needed to convince scarce programmers to invest in the platform, but AI has ended the scarcity of programmers so dedicated purpose hardware is more viable than ever.
There are several cycles that bring tech ideas in and out of fashion because of market conditions, intersecting tech cycles, other implications of Moore's Law, or whatever.
Another trend, for example, might be centralized vs distributed: terminals (thin clients) and mainframes gave way to fat client PCs on prem, and then back to thin clients with cloud stuff.
Website design comment: I love the orange/teal theme! Really drawn to the details such as illustrations carrying the orange/teal theme. Inspired me to re-color a project with this split complimentary color.
I personally hate the colors; I don't know if it was vibe coded, but it resembles the browns that GPT loves a lot.
I'm looking at it from a crappy screen, though.
Ok, I forgot about it, that was with dark mode enabled. Without it it's much better.
I wonder if you could throw a small microcontroller at the bottom of a canal, powered by water passing through a fan, to hide it. And why you would want to do that.
canals have negligible water flow (except during disasters!) so I don't think that'd work very well. They also get dredged occasionally so there's a decent chance anything you leave down there won't last more than a couple of years
> They also get dredged occasionally
And it's fascinating to watch!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aGFC6MF5-_k
They do have tides though, so make it a big fan that points up.
Depends on the canal. The UK narrow boat network has locked everywhere so minimal current in most sections similarly the Netherlands. In fact most canals. But then you have something like Suez which is just open to the ocean.
Water quality monitoring. Communicate back to the surface with ultrasonic pulses.
And in case people think ultrasonic signaling isn’t a real thing, it very much is. In the oil and gas industry, it’s how measurements taken while drilling a hole are sent back to the surface through the drilling mud.
Downhole tools used in MWD/LWD do not use ultrasonic frequencies. Drilling is a very noisy environment. The first tool that I used employed a downhole pulser with a surface transducer and operated at about 0.5-1 Hz. That's not ultrasonic. It was a pretty low frequency signal. Data transmission rates limit the volume of information that can be transmitted from the downhole tool to the surface where they are decoded.
Your tool has to set up a pressure wave in the mud column that is detectable miles away from the tool while the well is being drilled.
This is a good recent paper authored by an experienced drilling engineer about MWD/LWD drilling history and pulser designs and data rates that can be expected.
https://www.aade.org/application/files/1917/4604/2319/AADE-2...
Oh derp. It’s been a while since I worked adjacent to this, so I clearly misremembered some important bits. Thanks for the correction!
What remains of this computer? Diagrams? Code? Anything that would let us take a closer look at how it works?
I console myself that this is why I never got fabulously wealthy. That brilliance is no guarantee of wealth. You need luck, too.
But the truth is, you also need to do the work. I used my conclusion about luck as an excuse to not even try. Not even in some grand way. Just in the grinding everyday way. In the way of, "You know what I should do?! I should ... meh. That'll never work."
Take it from me, kids. If you want to do something great, do it while you are still young enough to believe it's possible.
A fascinating story.
I owned a Linn Sondek turntabe in the 70's with a Denon cartridge.
Spent a crazy amount on Hi-Fi chasing the audiophile dream :-)
I don't think this is AI, but the writing style keeps reminding me of AI. I'm trying to isolate why. I think it's something to do with the information density. The sentences twist and turn, have lots of related ideas, digressions, and little details without much lead-in. The wording is also very precise, which is another characteristic of AI writing. This sounds like a critique, but I actually find it charming.
This sentence is a strong illustration of what I'm talking about:
> Since only OBJEKT ever knew where anything physically lived, objects could be relocated freely without touching a reference, so garbage collection went into the silicon too: a two-space compacting collector that walked the live objects and slid them into the other half of DRAM while execution carried on above, oblivious.
I mean, come on. Run-ons are one thing, but this is practically a lecture in a single sentence. :P
I read about them in Byte Magazine - the names were memorable - Objek - Numerik and a third chip - there were no silicon afaik but jsut emulator circuit boards run by a Sun workstation.
Objekt, Numerik, Logik, Klock, according to Wikipedia [1]
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekursiv#Physical_packaging
>In my essay a distribution of one I argued that bespoke software was the original, correct arrangement, that fifty years of productised general-purpose software were a compromise forced by the economics of scarce programmers, and that AI has ended the compromise.
I would also say that productised general-purpose software was an undue bonanza taking unfair advantage of copyright, which shouldn't have allowed so many restrictions on code which is necessary to make devices perform their intended tasks.
Fortunately AI has been able to get started accomplishing some of the much-needed workarounds to these annoying copyright issues, like few humans have been able to do.
Regardless of whether programmers are scarce or abundant.
On a tangent, it sounds like a famous canal, but I would figure there are a number of little-known waterways where there might be a high-performance 21st century PC resting underwater along with some poor soul's bitcoin wallet :(
The "A Distribution of One" argument seems less convincing than the "The Computer at the Bottom of a Canal" one. I'm no expert, but if you've ever read some of the computing press from the time you'll know that custom software was still rather popular well into the '80s: and unfortunately custom software written for in-house use by a non-software company was the classic venue for all the Software Crisis war stories, which probably has a lot more to do with why it went out of fashion than progammer wages on their own. Whether the main problem was the difficulty of extracting requirements from users and management or the lack of sufficiently good software developers, maybe the arrival of LLM software cannons will be what it takes to fix it, but a hae ma doots.
Too bad british goverments had to kill companies like that. But the new business plan is going much better!